The hypothalamus regulates many aspects of energy homeostasis, adjusting both the drive
to eat and the expenditure of energy in response to a wide range of nutritional and other …

This article discusses the role of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in feeding and drinking
and draws on data obtained from lesion and stimulation studies and neurochemical and …

The location of spinal cells projecting rostrally to central areas that process visceroception
and visceronociception were studied in rat using the retrograde transport of a protein‐gold …

The effects of stress on food intake and on neural activity in the lateral hypothalamic area
(LHA) were investigated. Significant reduction of daily food intake was observed after 2 hr …

Mitragynine, an indole alkaloid from Thai folk medicine Mitragyna speciosa, exerts agonistic
effects on opioid receptors. Gastric acid secretion is proposed to be regulated by opioid …

Publisher Summary It is clear that the brain has evolved a mechanism for sensing the levels
of ambient glucose. Teleologically, this is likely to be a function of its requirement for glucose …

Primary afferent neurons containing substance P (SP) are apparently implicated in the
transmission of noxious information from the periphery to the central nervous system, and …

Cocaine‐dependent (CD) individuals demonstrate significant anxiety and dysphoria during
withdrawal, a negative emotional state that may perpetuate drug seeking and consumption …

Single-unit responses of LH cells and oral reaction were studied in food-deprived animals to
intraoral injections of rewarding and aversive tastants differentially cued by tonal stimuli …

A neural model is presented that explains how outcome-specific learning modulates affect,
decision-making, and Pavlovian conditioned approach responses. The model addresses …