In the more than 100 years since the invention of plastics, various plastic polymers have
been developed that exhibit different characteristics and have been widely used in …

The rapidly rising output and mass use of plastics have made plastics pollution a major
environmental problem. Since plastics are persistent in the environment, understanding the …

In contrast to marine ecosystems, the toxicity impact of microplastics in freshwater
environments is poorly understood. This contribution reviews the literature on the range of …

The production of plastic is still increasing globally, which has led to an increasing number
of plastic particles in the environment. Nanoplastics (NPs) can penetrate the blood-brain …

Biologically active environmental pollutants have significant impact on ecosystems, wildlife,
and human health. Microplastic (MP) and nanoplastic (NP) particles are pollutants that are …

Many studies have now reported adverse effects of exposure to microplastics in aquatic
organisms. Still, relatively few studies have compared the effects of MPs with those of natural …

Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco) toxicological assessments because they
offer ethical, cost‐effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in …

The high levels of microplastics (MPs) found in freshwaters, particularly in riverine
sediments, may impose a threat to the macroinvertebrate communities with possible …

Microplastics require a risk assessment framework that takes their multidimensionality into
account while exclusively considering robust data. Therefore, effect tests should use a …

Micro-and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) are among the most widely distributed pollutants in the
environment. It has been suggested that exposure to MPs/NPs can trigger toxicity pathways …