The discovery of the Klotho (KL) gene, which was originally identified as a putative aging-
suppressor gene, has generated tremendous interest and has advanced understanding of …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) mediate a wide variety of cellular behaviors in
response to extracellular stimuli. One of the main subgroups, the p38 MAP kinases, has …

Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells contribute to the development of the immunosuppressive
tumor microenvironment. Myeloid cell expression of arginase 1 (ARG1) promotes a protumor …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily consists of three main protein
kinase families: the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), the c-Jun N …

Background: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is activated by various pro-
inflammatory and stressful stimuli. Mounting evidence suggests that the p38 MAPK signaling …

In recent years, significant progress has been made in elucidating the signaling pathways
activated by the growth hormone (GH) receptor. An initiating event is probably the activation …

Rapid progress has been made recently in the definition of growth hormone (GH) receptor
signal transduction pathways. It is now apparent that many cytokines, including GH, share …

Growth hormone (GH) is a major regulatory factor for overall body growth as evidenced by
the height extremes in people with abnormal circulating GH levels or GH receptor (GHR) …

Podocytes play an important role in maintaining normal glomerular function and structure,
and podocyte injury leads to proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. The family of mitogen …

PRL promotes cell growth and differentiation in the mammary gland, which has implications
for breast cancer as well as normal development. Our data demonstrate that PRL …