Transglutaminases (TGs) are multifunctional proteins having enzymatic and scaffolding
functions that participate in regulation of cell fate in a wide range of cellular systems and are …

Chronic inflammatory mediators exert pleiotropic effects in the development of cancer. On
the one hand, inflammation favors carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small and elusive subpopulation of self-renewing cancer
cells with remarkable ability to initiate, propagate, and spread the malignant disease. In …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is defined by the loss of epithelial characteristics
and the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype. In this process, cells acquire molecular …

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2 or tissue transglutaminase) is a highly complex multifunctional
protein that acts as transglutaminase, GTPase/ATPase, protein disulfide isomerase, and …

Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a widely distributed multifunctional protein involved in a
broad range of cellular and metabolic functions carried out in a variety of cellular …

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Insensitivity of
tumor cells to drug therapies is an essential reason arousing such high mortality. Epithelial …

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most insidious form of locally advanced breast
cancer; about a third of patients have distant metastasis at initial staging. Emerging evidence …

Overcoming intrinsic and acquired drug resistance is a major challenge in treating cancer.
Poor responses to drug treatment can result in metastasis, cancer dissemination and death …

Recent studies indicate that cancer cells express elevated levels of type II transglutaminase
(TG2), and that expression is further highly enriched in cancer stem cells derived from these …