Balanced immune regulation is crucial for recognizing an invading pathogen, its killing, and
elimination. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are the key regulators of the innate immune system. It …

Pulmonary surfactant is a critical component of lung function in healthy individuals. It
functions in part by lowering surface tension in the alveoli, thereby allowing for breathing …

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is clinically heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic to deadly. A
few patients with COVID‐19 appear to recover from acute viral infection but nevertheless …

Background Patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), exhibit a wide …

Complement C3 activation contributes to COVID-19 pathology, and C3 targeting has
emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. We provide interim data from ITHACA, the first …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic continues to represent a substantial
public health concern. It can rapidly progress to severe disease, with poor prognosis and a …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a consequence of infection of the upper
and lower respiratory tract with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 but often …

[Background] Thrombosis is a characteristic complication in Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19). Since coagulopathy has been observed over the entire clinical course …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease that
appeared in China in December 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. Several patients …

Abstract Background During COVID‐19 outbreak, Italy was the first country in Europe to be
heavily affected with an intensive care unit mortality of 26%. In order to reduce this …