Members of the GroEL/HSP60 protein family have been studied for many years because of
their critical roles as ATP-dependent molecular chaperones, so it might come as a surprise …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is now clearly a true autoimmune disease with accumulating
evidence of pathogenic disease‐specific autoimmunity to citrullinated proteins. Citrullination …

Enolase is a glycolytic enzyme, which catalyzes the inter-conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate
to phosphoenolpyruvate. Altered expression of this enzyme is frequently observed in cancer …

Background Leishmania and other intracellular pathogens have evolved strategies that
support invasion and persistence within host target cells. In some cases the underlying …

Moonlighting proteins are defined as proteins with two or more functions that are unrelated
and independent to each other, so that inactivation of one of them should not affect the …

Moonlighting proteins comprise a class of multifunctional proteins in which a single
polypeptide chain performs multiple physiologically relevant biochemical or biophysical …

Pathogens have developed particular strategies to infect and invade their hosts. Amongst
these strategies' figures the modulation of several components of the innate immune system …

Pathogenic and commensal, or probiotic, bacteria employ adhesins on the cell surface to
attach to and interact with the host. Dozens of the adhesins that play key roles in binding to …

Moonlighting proteins comprise a subset of multifunctional proteins that perform two or more
biochemical functions that are not due to gene fusions, multiple splice variants, proteolytic …

Glycolysis and glyconeogenesis play crucial roles in the ATP supply and synthesis of
glycoconjugates, important for the viability and virulence, respectively, of the human …