The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy Report provides clinicians with an annually
updated evidence-based strategy for asthma management and prevention, which can be …

Abstract The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) was established in 1993 by the World
Health Organization and the US National Heart Lung and Blood Institute to improve asthma …

Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their
prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable …

I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionately high burden of
the global morbidity and mortality caused by chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), including …

Background As asthma symptoms worsen, patients typically rely on short-acting β2-agonist
(SABA) rescue therapy, but SABAs do not address worsening inflammation, which leaves …

Drugs available for asthma treatment in the first decades of the 20th century
(sympathomimetic agents such as oral ephedrine, intravenous adrenaline, or inhaled …

Background In adults with mild asthma, a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid with a fast-
onset long-acting β-agonist (LABA) used as reliever monotherapy reduces severe …

Background There are several clinical diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary
aspergillosis (ABPA). However, these criteria have not been validated in detail, and no …

The severity of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with various comorbidities.
However, no studies have yet demonstrated the potential risk of respiratory failure and …