Striatal dopamine (DA) release is critical for motivated actions and reinforcement learning,
and is locally influenced at the level of DA axons by other striatal neurotransmitters. Here …

Studies from several laboratories have shown that ethanol impairs cerebellar function, in
part, by altering GABAergic transmission. Here, we discuss recent advances in our …

Axons of dopaminergic neurons innervate the striatum where they contribute to movement
and reinforcement learning. Past work has shown that striatal GABA tonically inhibits …

Thalamocortical conduction times are short, but layer 6 corticothalamic axons display an
enormous range of conduction times, some exceeding 40–50 ms. Here, we investigate (1) …

Key points GABAA receptors have been described in the axonal compartment of neurons;
contrary to dendritic GABAA receptors, axonal GABAA receptors usually induce depolarizing …

Long-term depression at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses plays a principal role in
learning in the cerebellum, which acts as a supervised learning machine. Recent …

Key points GABA depolarized sural nerve axons and increased the electrical excitability of C‐
fibres via GABAA receptor. Axonal excitability responses to GABA increased monotonically …

While the trigeminal ganglion is often considered a passive conduit of sensory transmission,
neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) within it can release neurotransmitters and express …

The presence of ionotropic receptors to neurotransmitters in presynaptic structures is well
documented in many synapses of the mammalian brain. However, due to technical …

Neurons in vertebrate central nervous systems initiate and conduct sodium action potentials
in distinct subcellular compartments that differ architecturally and electrically. Here, we …