Recent functional insights into the role of (p) ppGpp in bacterial physiology

V Hauryliuk, GC Atkinson, KS Murakami… - Nature Reviews …, 2015 - nature.com
The alarmones guanosine tetraphosphate and guanosine pentaphosphate (collectively
referred to as (p) ppGpp) are involved in regulating growth and several different stress …

Regulatory themes and variations by the stress-signaling nucleotide alarmones (p) ppGpp in bacteria

BW Anderson, DK Fung, JD Wang - Annual Review of Genetics, 2021 - annualreviews.org
Bacterial stress-signaling alarmones are important components of a protective network
against diverse stresses such as nutrient starvation and antibiotic assault. pppGpp and …

(p) ppGpp: magic modulators of bacterial physiology and metabolism

W Steinchen, V Zegarra, G Bange - Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
When bacteria experience growth-limiting environmental conditions, the synthesis of the
hyperphosphorylated guanosine derivatives (p) ppGpp is induced by enzymes of the …

The magic dance of the alarmones (p) ppGpp

W Steinchen, G Bange - Molecular microbiology, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
The alarmones (p) ppGpp are important second messengers that orchestrate pleiotropic
adaptations of bacteria and plant chloroplasts in response to starvation and stress. Here, we …

Diversity in (p) ppGpp metabolism and effectors

K Liu, AN Bittner, JD Wang - Current opinion in microbiology, 2015 - Elsevier
Highlights•(p) ppGpp metabolic enzymes sense diverse stresses.•(p) ppGpp regulates
transcription initiation by targeting RNAP or GTP levels.•(p) ppGpp controls replication …

(p) ppGpp and the stringent response: an emerging threat to antibiotic therapy

JK Hobbs, AB Boraston - ACS infectious diseases, 2019 - ACS Publications
In 1969, Cashel and Gallant first observed the presence of (p) ppGpp—the signaling
molecule of the stringent response—in starved bacterial cells. Fifty years later,(p) ppGpp and …

Many means to a common end: the intricacies of (p) ppGpp metabolism and its control of bacterial homeostasis

AO Gaca, C Colomer-Winter, JA Lemos - Journal of bacteriology, 2015 - Am Soc Microbiol
In nearly all bacterial species examined so far, amino acid starvation triggers the rapid
accumulation of the nucleotide second messenger (p) ppGpp, the effector of the stringent …

The alarmones (p) ppGpp directly regulate translation initiation during entry into quiescence

S Diez, J Ryu, K Caban… - Proceedings of the …, 2020 - National Acad Sciences
Many bacteria exist in a state of metabolic quiescence where energy consumption must be
minimized so as to maximize available resources over a potentially extended period of time …

The PAMP c-di-AMP is essential for Listeria monocytogenes growth in rich but not minimal media due to a toxic increase in (p) ppGpp

AT Whiteley, AJ Pollock, DA Portnoy - Cell host & microbe, 2015 - cell.com
Cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a widely distributed second messenger
that appears to be essential in multiple bacterial species, including the Gram-positive …

Two P or not two P: understanding regulation by the bacterial second messengers (p) ppGpp

G Bange, DE Brodersen, A Liuzzi… - Annual Review of …, 2021 - annualreviews.org
Under stressful growth conditions and nutrient starvation, bacteria adapt by synthesizing
signaling molecules that profoundly reprogram cellular physiology. At the onset of this …