Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and
bacteraemia and is capable of remarkable phenotypic plasticity, responding rapidly to …

Biofilms are bacterial communities characterized by antibiotic tolerance. Staphylococcus
aureus is a leading cause of biofilm infections on medical devices, including prosthetic …

Pyruvate-formate lyases (PFLs) are crucial catalysts that employ both a core enzyme and an
activating enzyme to facilitate the conversion of pyruvate to formate and acetyl-CoA, as well …

Microbes communicate with each other by using quorum sensing (QS) systems and
modulate their collective 'behavior'for in-host colonization and virulence, biofilm formation …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that must adapt to unique nutritional
environments in several host niches. The pneumococcus can metabolize a range of …

Microbes can have multiple enzymes that are able to catalyse the same enzymatic reactions
but may differ in structure. These are known as isozymes. It is assumed that isozymes have …

To be a successful pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus has to adapt its metabolism to the
typically oxygen-and glucose-limited environment of the host. Under fermenting conditions …

The L-lactic acid (L-LA) fermentation process, based on sodium hydroxide neutralization,
demonstrates environmental friendliness during product extraction. However, lactate …

Background For almost a century, it has been recognized that influenza A virus (IAV)
infection can promote the development of secondary bacterial infections (SBI) mainly …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major human pathogen. It is a common
colonizer of the human respiratory track, where it utilizes cell–cell communication systems to …