Contrary to previous dogmas, it is now well established that brain cells can produce
cytokines and chemokines, and can express adhesion molecules that enable an in situ …

Evidence for the neurotoxicity of extended exposure to low levels of aluminum salts is
described using an animal model treated with aluminum at low levels reflecting those found …

An abundant presynaptic protein, α-synuclein, is centrally involved in the pathogenesis of
Parkinson's disease. However, conflicting data exist about the normal function of α …

The initial reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, are largely attributed to
their ability to activate the mesolimbic dopamine system. Resulting increases in extracellular …

Virtually any neurological disorder leads to activation of resident microglia and invasion of
blood-borne macrophages, which are accompanied by an increase in number and change …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopamine
neurons leading to motor disturbances and cognitive impairment. Current …

Emerging evidence points to reactive glia as a pivotal factor in Parkinson's disease (PD) and
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned mouse model of basal …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of
dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rare genetic …

Post-menopausal estrogen deficiency is recognized to play a pivotal role in the
pathogenesis of a number of age-related diseases in women, such as osteoporosis …

Previous studies have demonstrated methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity to
dopaminergic and serotonergic axons in rat striatum. Although several studies have …