Over the past decades, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, Salmonidae) has emerged as a model
system for sexual maturation research, owing to the high diversity of life history strategies …

The causes and consequences of individual differences in animal behavior and stress
physiology are increasingly studied in wild animals, yet the possibility that stress physiology …

An extensive microglial-astrocyte-monocyte-neuronal cross talk seems to be crucial for
normal brain function, development, and recovery. However, under certain conditions …

Recent discoveries show that early in life effects often have long-lasting influences,
sometimes even spanning several generations. Such intergenerational effects of early life …

The promotion of cooperation provided by the network, compared to the well-mixed case,
strongly depends on the type of strategy-updating mechanism. While many existing …

The ability to flexibly adjust behaviour to social and non-social challenges is important for
successfully navigating variable environments. Social competence, ie adaptive behavioural …

The social environment of animals influences individual social decisions, which in turn feeds
back on the social environment. The two halves of this feedback loop are rarely studied in …

Over a hundred years after the first socialist revolution broke the global monopoly of
capitalism, a new class of socialist-oriented socioeconomic development is coming to the …

In many vertebrate species, early social experience generates long-term effects on later life
social behaviour. These effects are accompanied by persistent modifications in the …

The evolution of cooperative behavior is a major area of research among evolutionary
biologists and behavioral ecologists, yet there are few estimates of its heritability or its …