Proliferating cancer cells rely largely on glutamine for survival and proliferation. Glutamine
serves as a carbon source for the synthesis of lipids and metabolites via the TCA cycle, as …

The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The
aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription …

The tumor microenvironment is highly complex, and immune escape is currently considered
an important hallmark of cancer, largely contributing to tumor progression and metastasis …

Through the successes of checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy,
immunotherapy has become an established treatment modality for cancer. Cellular …

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a pleiotropic molecule with associated antiproliferative, pro-
apoptotic and antitumor mechanisms. This effector cytokine, often considered as a major …

Natural Killer (NK) cells are characterized by their potential to kill tumor cells by different
means without previous sensitization and have, therefore, become a valuable tool in cancer …

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that provide critical host defense against
pathogens and cancer. Originally heralded for their early and rapid effector activity, NK cells …

NK cells are central to anti-tumor immunity and recently showed efficacy for treating
hematologic malignancies. However, their dysfunction in the hostile tumor microenvironment …

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes with important roles in innate and adaptive immune
responses to tumours and viral infection. However, in certain chronic diseases, including …

Enhancing immune cell functions in tumors remains a major challenge in cancer
immunotherapy. Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and cells adapt by …