Hydrogen bonds play integral roles in biological structure, function, and conformational
dynamics and are fundamental to life as it has evolved on Earth. However, our …

The goal of this article is to summarize what has been learned about the major forces
stabilizing proteins since the late 1980s when site-directed mutagenesis became possible …

As the protein databank (PDB) recently passed the cap of 123 456 structures, it stands more
than ever as an important resource not only to analyze structural features of specific …

Our goal was to gain a better understanding of the contribution of the burial of polar groups
and their hydrogen bonds to the conformational stability of proteins. We measured the …

We discuss basic physical–chemical principles underlying the formation of stable
macromolecular complexes, which in many cases are likely to be the biological units …

Still the Most Complete, Up-To-Date, and Reliable Reference in the FieldDrying is a highly
energy-intensive operation and is encountered in nearly all industrial sectors. With rising …

Zinc is required for the activity of> 300 enzymes, covering all six classes of enzymes. Zinc
binding sites in proteins are often distorted tetrahedral or trigonal bipyramidal geometry …

According to one of Natures most fundamental laws, molecules may be differentiated by
having a positive, a negative, or no net charge at all. Although nothing may be known about …

The influence of a xenobiotic compound on an organism is usually summarized by the
expression biological activity. If a controlled, therapeutically relevant, and regulatory action …

For 35 years, the prevailing view has been that the hydrophobic effect is the dominant force
in protein folding. The importance of hydrogen bonding was always clear, but whether it …