Plants respond to environmental pollutants such as heavy metal (s) by triggering the
expression of genes that encode proteins involved in stress response. Toxic metal ions …

Heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70s) are steadily gaining more attention in the field of plant
biotic interactions. Though their regulation and activity in plants are much less well …

Abiotic stresses usually cause protein dysfunction. Maintaining proteins in their functional
conformations and preventing the aggregation of non-native proteins are particularly …

Plant cells are connected through plasmodesmata (PD), membrane-lined channels that
allow symplastic movement of molecules between cells. However, little is known about the …

Plants have had numerous biological, clinical, pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes for
many years; however, their use as a general platform for preparation of desired …

Contents Summary 29 I. Introduction 29 II. Phloem as a conduit for macromolecules 30 III.
Classes of phloem transported RNAs and their function 32 IV. Mode of RNA transport 35 V …

The phloem transports nutrients, defensive compounds, and informational signals
throughout vascular plants. Sampling the complex components of mobile phloem sap is …

Systemic translocation of RNA exerts non-cell-autonomous control over plant development
and defense. Long-distance delivery of mRNA has been proven, but transport of small …

Recent studies have revealed the operation of a long-distance communication network
operating within the vascular system of higher plants. The evolutionary development of this …

Plants have evolved dynamic and complex networks of cell-to-cell communication to
coordinate and adapt their growth and development to a variety of environmental changes …