Insulin synthesis in pancreatic β‐cells is initiated as preproinsulin. Prevailing glucose
concentrations, which oscillate pre‐and postprandially, exert major dynamic variation in …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as an intracellular Ca2+ store not only sets up cytosolic
Ca2+ signals, but, among other functions, also assembles and folds newly synthesized …

Abstract Intracellular calcium (Ca 2+) is a critical coordinator of various aspects of cellular
physiology. It is increasingly apparent that changes in cellular Ca 2+ dynamics contribute to …

Ca2+-ATPases (pumps) are key actors in the regulation of Ca2+ in eukaryotic cells and are
thus essential to the correct functioning of the cell machinery. They have high affinity for …

Micropeptides function as master regulators of calcium-dependent signaling in muscle.
Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), the membrane pump that promotes …

Sulfhydryl chemistry plays a vital role in normal biology and in defense of cells against
oxidants, free radicals, and electrophiles. Modification of critical cysteine residues is an …

Cytokines and free radicals are mediators of β-cell death in type 1 diabetes. Under in vitro
conditions, interleukin-1β (IL-1β)+ γ-interferon (IFN-γ) induce nitric oxide (NO) production …

Abstract Changes in cytosolic free Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+] c) play a crucial role in the
control of insulin secretion from the electrically excitable pancreatic β-cell. Secretion is …

Zinc co-crystallizes with insulin in dense core secretory granules, but its role in insulin
biosynthesis, storage and secretion is unknown. In this study we assessed the role of the …

Intracellular Ca2+-transport ATPases exert a pivotal role in the endoplasmic reticulum and in
the compartments of the cellular secretory pathway by maintaining a sufficiently high …