Ecological models of the determinants of health and the consequent importance of structural
interventions have been widely accepted, but using these models in research and practice …

Aim To examine the scientific evidence regarding the association between characteristics of
social networks of injection drug users (IDUs) and the sharing of drug injection equipment …

Muslim countries, previously considered protected from HIV/AIDS due to religious and
cultural norms, are facing a rapidly rising threat. Despite the evidence of an advancing …

BACKGROUND: Studies of individuals in treatment for substance use have found high rates
of psychiatric disorders, however little is known about the mental health of drug users not in …

Injection drug use is a risk factor for HIV among adolescents and young adults, yet the
interpersonal dynamics of needle-sharing among young injectors remain poorly understood …

The concept of the “risk environment”–defined as the “space…[where] factors exogenous to
the individual interact to increase the chances of HIV transmission”–draws together the …

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of HIV and
hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection among young (aged 29 years or younger) injection drug …

This study compared HIV sero-prevalence and risk behaviors between younger and older
injecting drug users (IDUs). IDUs aged≥ 18 years were interviewed for the 2009 National …

In a changing public health landscape in which local, state, and federal agencies must
confront threats of bioterrorism, emerging infections, and numerous chronic diseases …

ABSTRACT Aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a common chronic complication of
injection drug use. Methadone maintenance programs contain large numbers of patients …