Sea ice growth and decay are critical processes in the Arctic climate system, but
comprehensive observations are very sparse. We analyzed data from 23 sea ice mass …

Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional and global
coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN …

Fram Strait is the major gateway connecting the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean,
where nearly 90% of the sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean takes place. The exported sea …

Low‐salinity waters in the upper Arctic Ocean, referred to as “freshwaters”, are cold and play
a major role in isolating the sea ice cover from the heat stored in the salty Atlantic Waters …

Abstract The Atlantic Water (AW) inflow through Fram Strait, largest oceanic heat source to
the Arctic Ocean, undergoes substantial modifications in the Western Nansen Basin (WNB) …

Atlantic Water (AW) enters the Arctic through Fram Strait as the West Spitsbergen Current
(WSC). When reaching the south of Yermak Plateau, the WSC splits into the Svalbard …

We investigated wintertime convection evolution in recent years over the Greenland Sea.
This area is a major location regarding dense water production and supply of the lower limb …

Abstract In April 2017, the first Ice Atmosphere Arctic Ocean Observing System (IAOOS)
platform equipped with biogeochemical sensors was deployed near the North Pole. Over the …

An important question is will deep convection sites, where deep waters are ventilated and
air-gas exchange into the deep ocean occurs, emerge in the Arctic Ocean with the warming …

Measurements targeting mesoscale and smaller-scale processes in the ice-covered part of
the Arctic Ocean are sparse in all seasons. As a result, there are significant knowledge gaps …