A large population does not have access to modern household energy and relies on solid
fuels such as coal and biomass fuels. Burning of these solid fuels in low-efficiency home …

Water heating contributes an important proportion of residential energy consumption all
around the world. Different kinds of domestic hot-water production systems exist. The …

The aim of this study was to compare four alternatives for providing decentralized energy
production in small communities in terms of their flue gas emissions and toxicological …

Pellet combustion in residential heating stoves has increased globally during the last
decade. Despite their high combustion efficiency, the widespread use of pellet stoves is …

ABSTRACT The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) requires residential wood
heaters (RWHs) to meet particulate matter (PM) emission limits in order to lower ambient …

Five different boiler types (automatic boiler, overfire boiler, boiler with down-draft
combustion, and two types of gasification boilers) representing residential-scale combustion …

This study investigated how heat demand and fuel loading affect the emissions from outdoor
wood-fired hydronic heaters by testing two such appliances using an integrated-duty cycle …

Abstract The Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic within the Operational
Programme Environment of the European Union (EU) has supported a 'grant to replace old …

The applicability of spruce, sunflower and maize for residential heating was investigated.
Emission factors of gaseous and PM pollutants were established at both nominal and …

Small-scale pellet boilers and stoves became popular as a wood combustion appliance for
domestic heating in Europe, North America and Asia due to economic and environmental …