Covering: 1990 to 2015 The clerodane diterpenoids are a widespread class of secondary
metabolites and have been found in several hundreds of plant species from various families …

The biological basis of mood is not understood. Most research on mood and affective states
has focused on the roles of brain systems containing monoamines (eg, dopamine …

Drugs are discovered through the biological screening of collections of compounds,
followed by optimization toward functional end points. The properties of screening …

Salvia divinorum is a perennial sage native to Oaxaca, Mexico, that has been used
traditionally in divination rituals and as a treatment for the “semimagical” disease panzón de …

Background and rationale Pain is a complex sensory experience, involving cognitive factors,
environment (setting, society, and culture), experience, and gender and is modulated …

Pain continues to be an enormous global health challenge, with millions of new untreated or
inadequately treated patients reported annually. With respect to current clinical applications …

The salvinorins serve as templates for next generation analgesics, antipruritics, and
dissociative hallucinogens via selective and potent agonism of the kappa-opioid receptor …

The plant metabolite salvinorin A potently and selectively agonizes the human kappa-opioid
receptor, an emerging target for next-generation analgesics. Here we review analogs of the …

Acute activation of kappa-opioid receptors produces anti-addictive effects by regulating
dopamine levels in the brain. Unfortunately, classic kappa-opioid agonists have undesired …

Opioids such as morphine, codeine, and oxycodone are extracts or analogs isolated from a
single source: the opium poppy. For a long time, it was believed to be nature's only source of …