Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for ATP production and are particularly relevant
to cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion …

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), also known as BMK1 or MAPK7, represents
a recent addition to the classical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. This family …

Aims: Current treatments are inadequate in alleviating obesity-associated vascular
diseases. The development of effective therapies to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and …

Introduction The four members of the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family are
serine/threonine protein kinases, which are phosphorylated and activated by ERK1/2 …

Atherosclerosis (AS), the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, is heavily influenced by
inflammation, lipid accumulation, autophagy, and aging. The expression of glycoprotein non …

Despite the discovery and prevalent clinical use of potent lipid-lowering therapies, including
statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) caused by atherosclerosis …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially
among the aging population. The “response-to-injury” model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross …

Radiation therapy (RT) is a cornerstone in cancer treatment (used in 50% of cases), yet
challenges persist because damage to normal tissue through direct impact of radiation or …

Abstract NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor (TF) that coordinates
key cellular homeostatic processes including antioxidative responses, autophagy …

In-stent restenosis can be caused by the activation, proliferation and migration of vascular
smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which affects long-term efficacy of interventional therapy …