An increase in time spent on screen-based technologies has been suggested to underlie
recent increases in mental health problems among young people. However, this hypothesis …

Background Inadequate translation from theoretical to statistical models of the greenspace–
health relationship may lead to incorrect conclusions about the importance of some …

Cross-lagged models are by far the most commonly used method to test the prospective
effect of one construct on another, yet there are no guidelines for interpreting the size of …

Background Conspiracy theories about the origins of COVID‐19 are widespread and have
even been propagated by highly ranked state officials and politicians in the US. Health …

This article compares different approaches for estimating cross-lagged effects with a cross-
lagged panel design under a causal inference perspective. We distinguish between models …

The use of finite mixture modelling (FMM) is becoming increasingly popular for the analysis
of longitudinal repeated measures data. FMMs assist in identifying latent classes following …

The random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) is an extension of the traditional
cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) that allows controlling for stable trait factors when …

Much research shows academic self-concept and achievement are reciprocally related over
time, based on traditional longitudinal data cross-lag-panel models (CLPM) supporting a …

It is well known that successful second language (L2) learners are motivated individuals.
Accordingly, L2 researchers have tested the predictive power of different motivational …

The intraindividual process of study dropout, from forming dropout intention to deregistration,
is of motivational nature. Yet typical studies investigate interindividual differences, which do …