Whereas the cerebral cortex has long been regarded by neuroscientists as the major locus
of cognitive function, the white matter of the brain is increasingly recognized as equally …

Neuregulins (NRGs) comprise a large family of growth factors that stimulate ERBB receptor
tyrosine kinases. NRGs and their receptors, ERBBs, have been identified as susceptibility …

Aerobic exercise improves cognitive and motor function by inducing neural changes
detected using molecular, cellular, and systems level neuroscience techniques. This review …

Abstract Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) is a phylogenetically ancient neurotrophic
hormone with crucial roles to play in CNS development and maturation. Recently, IGF-1 has …

The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the
vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the …

Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system (CNS), and
astrocytes constitute macroglia. This review deals with the recent progress related to the …

A signaling pathway was delineated by which insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promotes
the survival of cerebellar neurons. IGF-1 activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) …

The generation of neurons in the adult mammalian brain requires the activation of quiescent
neural stem cells (NSCs). This activation and the sequential steps of neuron formation from …

A hypothetical model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a uniquely human brain disorder
rooted in its exceptional process of myelination is presented. Cortical regions with the most …

Impaired function/differentiation of progenitor cells might provide an explanation for the
limited remyelination observed in the majority of chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. Here, we …