The use of vaccines have resulted in a remarkable improvement in global health. It has
saved several lives, reduced treatment costs and raised the quality of animal and human …

Rubella remains an important pathogen worldwide, with roughly 100 000 cases of
congenital rubella syndrome estimated to occur every year. Rubella-containing vaccine is …

At the current time, the field of vaccinology remains empirical in many respects. Vaccine
development, vaccine immunogenicity, and vaccine efficacy have, for the most part …

The concept of therapeutic cancer vaccines is based on the activation of the immune system
against tumor cells after the presentation of tumor antigens. Nanoparticles (NPs) have …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging virus that
has caused the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic. The current …

The development of vaccines, which prime the immune system to respond to future
infections, has led to global declines in morbidity and mortality from dreadful infectious …

Infectious diseases are responsible for an overwhelming number of deaths worldwide and
their clinical management is often hampered by the emergence of multi-drug-resistant …

The immune system is a network of specialized cell types and tissues that communicates via
cytokines and direct contact, to orchestrate specific types of defensive responses. Until …

Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gained lots of attention to replace the current
chemoradiation approaches and multi-epitope cancer vaccines are manifesting as the next …

Annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended to decrease disease-
related mortality and morbidity. However, one population that responds suboptimally to …