The immune system employs recognition tools to communicate with its microbial
evolutionary partner. Among all the methods of microbial perception, T cells enable the …

The oral mucosal barrier is constantly exposed to a plethora of triggers requiring immune
control, including a diverse commensal microbiome, ongoing damage from mastication, and …

Infections have been proposed as initiating factors for inflammatory disorders; however,
identifying associations between defined infectious agents and the initiation of chronic …

Generation of different CD4 T cell responses to commensal and pathogenic bacteria is
crucial for maintaining a healthy gut environment, but the associated cellular mechanisms …

Autoimmune diabetes is characterized by inflammatory infiltration; however, the initiating
events are poorly understood. We found that the islets of Langerhans in young nonobese …

Intestinal immune homeostasis requires dynamic crosstalk between innate and adaptive
immune cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) exist as multiple phenotypically and functionally distinct …

Vitamin D induces a diverse range of biological effects, including important functions in bone
health, calcium homeostasis and, more recently, on immune function. The role of vitamin D …

Metazoans predominantly co-exist with symbiotic microorganisms called the microbiota.
Metagenomic surveys of the microbiota reveal a diverse ecosystem of microbes particularly …

Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) is dynamically expressed on intestinal
epithelial cells (IECs) throughout the intestine, but its regulation remains poorly understood …

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells protect against gut barr... : Hepatology Conventional type 1
dendritic cells protect against gut barrier disruption via maintaining Akkermansia muciniphila in …