Background Neurotropic B vitamins play crucial roles as coenzymes and beyond in the
nervous system. Particularly vitamin B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine), and B12 (cobalamin) …

Introduction: Cognitive enhancers (CEs), also known as “smart drugs”,“study aids” or
“nootropics” are a cause of concern. Recent research studies investigated the use of CEs …

Vitamin B12 is an essential cofactor that is integral to methylation processes important in
reactions related to DNA and cell metabolism, thus a deficiency may lead to disruption of …

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl, B12) is an indispensable water-soluble micronutrient that
serves as a coenzyme for cytosolic methionine synthase (MS) and mitochondrial …

Slow gait speed has been shown to predict incident dementia and cognitive decline in older
individuals. We aimed to summarize the evidence concerning the association of slow gait …

Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent throughout the world and can adversely affect
the nutritional status of individuals. Studies have shown that many people with obesity have …

Methyl donors such as choline, betaine, folic acid, methionine, and vitamins B6 and B12 are
critical players in the one-carbon metabolism and have neuroprotective functions. The one …

A diet rich in B-group vitamins is essential for optimal body and brain function, and
insufficient amounts of such vitamins have been associated with higher levels of neural …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is usually accompanied by
aging, increasingly being the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. This disorder …

Amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with inflammation. Recent
studies demonstrated the involvement of the gut in cerebral amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathogenesis; …