Cytochrome c oxidase (C c O) is an essential enzyme in mitochondrial and bacterial
respiration. It catalyzes the four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water and …

During the late phase of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection cycle, the virally encoded Gag
polyproteins are targeted to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM) for assembly …

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an enormous global health threat stemming
from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Up to now, the tremendous advances …

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of retroviral assembly has been a decades-long
endeavor. With the recent discovery of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) acting as an …

Allostery is a key biological control mechanism, and dynamic information flow provides a
perspective to describe allosteric interactions in causal relationships. Here, as a novel …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) assembly at an infected cell's plasma membrane
requires membrane deformation to organize the near-spherical shape of an immature virus …

The HIV-1 Gag protein binds to the host cell membrane and assembles into immature
particles. Then, in the course of immature virion budding, activated protease cleaves Gag …

Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is an essential enzyme in mitochondrial and bacterial
respiration. It catalyzes the four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water and …

New Zealand is recognised worldwide as a sanctuary for wildlife, homeland of rare species,
which are present nowhere else in the world. This unique ecosystem is very fragile and …

Over its long history, macromolecular X-ray crystallography has proven to be the most
popular method for structural biology. Recent advent of serial X-ray crystallography at X-ray …