The acute stress response can be considered the primary evolutionary adaptation to
maximise fitness in the face of unpredictable environmental challenges. However, the …

Seabirds are the most endangered avian taxa on Earth, with over a third of species globally
threatened. To help slow their decline, conservation physiology seeks to determine how …

Once a year, penguins undergo a catastrophic moult, replacing their entire plumage during
a fasting period on land or on sea-ice during which time individuals can lose 45% of their …

There is growing evidence on the role of legs and bill as 'thermal windows' in birds coping
with heat stress. However, there is a lack of empirical work examining the relationship …

The febrile response to resist a pathogen is energetically expensive, while regulated
hypothermia seems to preserve energy for vital functions. We hypothesized here that …

In vertebrates, changes in surface temperature following exposure to an acute stressor are
thought to be promising indicators of the physiological stress response that may be captured …

Seasonal energetic challenges may constrain an animal's ability to respond to changing
individual and environmental conditions. Here, we investigated variation in heart rate, a well …

Coping with stressors can require substantial energetic investment, and when resources are
limited, such investment can preclude simultaneous expenditure on other biological …

Abstract The Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan, Lagopus muta hyperborea, is the only year-round
resident terrestrial bird in the high Arctic. Many of the physiological and morphological …

Urbanisation can alter local microclimates, thus creating new thermal challenges for resident
species. However, urban environments also present residents with frequent, novel stressors …