The cytokine IL-10 is a key anti-inflammatory mediator ensuring protection of a host from
over-exuberant responses to pathogens and microbiota, while playing important roles in …

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are an innate-like T cell subset that expresses an
invariant T cell receptor (TCR) α-chain and recognizes lipids presented on CD1d. They …

Commensal interactions between the enteric microbiota and distal intestine play important
roles in regulating human health. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate …

Small molecules derived from symbiotic microbiota critically contribute to intestinal immune
maturation and regulation. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that …

The intestinal epithelium forms a barrier between the microbiota and the rest of the body. In
addition, beyond acting as a physical barrier, the function of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC s) …

B cells play a central role in humoral immunity but also have antibody-independent
functions. Studies to date have focused on B cells in blood and secondary lymphoid organs …

Alterations of the gut microbiota may cause dysregulated mucosal immune responses
leading to the onset of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in genetically susceptible hosts …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) offers unique opportunities to explore the gut–liver axis
owing to the close association between liver disease and colonic inflammation. It is well …

Immunotherapy has matured into standard treatment for several cancers, but much remains
to be done to extend the reach of its effectiveness particularly to cancers that are resistant …

Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and the immune system: e... : Current Opinion in
Gastroenterology Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and the immune system: experimental data …