Roads, railways and rail transit lines play major roles in transporting passengers and freight.
In the design process for such transportation infrastructures, the alignment determination …

The design and planning of railway alignments is the dominant task in railway construction.
However, it is difficult to achieve self‐learning and learning from human experience with …

In railway transportation, track geometry irregularity is one of the main factors in controlling
train safety. At present, railway practitioners typically use the track geometry car (TGC) …

Railway design is complex and closely linked to environmental concerns. To solve this
problem, a two-stage method considering three categories of environmental factors …

Railway alignment optimization should consider multiple environmental factors. Especially
considering the changing climate, low-carbon design is crucial in alignment development …

Mountain railway alignment design is an important but complex civil engineering problem.
To overcome the drastically undulating terrain, long tunnels and high bridges are major …

Determinations of alignments and station locations are major tasks in railway design, which
jointly and fundamentally influence the construction and operation of the whole project …

This work deals with the design of horizontal alignments (HAs) for its application in
intelligent civil systems. Two consecutive tasks are performed: the random generation of …

Reasonable design and planning of alignments are crucial for both economic investment
and the environmental impact of high-speed railway projects. Approaches that can integrate …

Sustainable railway construction and operation are threatened by densely occurring
geological hazards in complex mountainous regions. Thus, during the alignment …