At the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan of China. COVID-
19 affects different people with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from …

The management of chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is an area of massive unmet
clinical need worldwide. In spite of the development of powerful nucleoside/nucleotide …

Innate immunity consists of several kinds of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), which
participate in the recognition of pathogens and consequently activation of innate immune …

DEAD/H-box helicases are an essential protein family with a conserved motif containing
unique amino acid sequences (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His). Current evidence indicates that …

Type-I interferons (IFN-I) are a widely expressed family that could promote antivirus
immunity in the process of pathogens invasion. In a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV …

Nucleotide-binding domain leucine repeats (NLRs) are required for the recognition of
various molecules that are expressed within microbes and are able to actuate appropriate …

Introduction Safety analysis of probiotic bacteria is an obligatory characteristic to be
evaluated prior to application in food or pharmacological products. This study was designed …

Approximately 400 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV)
globally despite the widespread immunization of HBV vaccine and the development of …

Retinoic acid‐inducible gene I‐like receptors (RLRs) play an essential role in human innate
immune, which may influence the spontaneous clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) …

RIG‐I is associated with the occurrence and development of many tumors. However, the role
of RIG‐I in radiotherapy and chemotherapy in NPC has not been reported to date. In our …