There is a strong intuitive expectation in both popular lore and conventional evolutionary
thinking that more males lead to more violence. Here, we untangle the logic behind this …

Many decisions in the lives of animals and humans require a fine balance between the
exploration of different options and the exploitation of their rewards. Do you buy the …

It is well established that parasites can have profound effects on the behaviour of host
organisms, and that individual differences in behaviour can influence susceptibility to …

In light of global climate change, there is a pressing need to understand how populations
will respond to rising temperatures. Understanding the effects of temperature changes on …

Highlights•Scramble competition for access to a sexual partner involves opportunity
costs.•Its consequences for best-of-n and threshold decision rules were modelled.•The …

Mate choice is an important cause of sexual selection; it can drive the evolution of
extravagant ornaments and displays, and promote speciation through the reproductive …

Our understanding of sexual selection has greatly improved during the last decades. The
focus is no longer solely on males, but also on how female competition and male mate …

Many influential mathematical models of sexual selection have stressed that mating
preferences evolve due to correlations that build between mating preferences and preferred …

Background Parental allocation and reproductive success are often strongly influenced by
environmental factors. In this respect, salinity is a key factor influencing species distributions …

Fisheries often combine high mortality with intensive size selectivity and can, thus, be
expected to reduce body size and size variability in exploited populations. In many fish …