The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to
the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the …

Neurobiologists have long sought to understand how circuits in the nervous system are
organized to generate the precise neural outputs that underlie particular behaviours. The …

Animals generate movement by engaging spinal circuits that direct precise sequences of
muscle contraction, but the identity and organizational logic of local interneurons that lie at …

Little is known about the organizational and functional connectivity of the corticospinal (CS)
circuits that are essential for voluntary movement. Here, we map the connectivity between …

Mammalian motor programs are controlled by networks of spinal interneurons that set the
rhythm and intensity of motor neuron firing. Motor neurons have long been known to receive …

The generation of precise synaptic connections between developing neurons is critical to
the formation of functional neural circuits. Astrocyte-secreted glypican 4 induces formation of …

The sequential stepping of left and right limbs is a fundamental motor behavior that
underlies walking movements. This relatively simple locomotor behavior is generated by the …

The spinal cord of vertebrate animals is comprised of intrinsic circuits that are capable of
sensing the environment and generating complex motor behaviors. There are two major …

A robust and well-organized rhythm is a key feature of many neuronal networks, including
those that regulate essential behaviors such as circadian rhythmogenesis, breathing, and …

Spinal interneurons are organized into networks that control the activity and output of the
motor system. This review outlines recent progress in defining the rules that govern the …