We review the factors influencing children's exposure to environmental contaminants and
the data available to characterize and assess that exposure. Children's activity pattern data …

Each of us encounters hundreds of toxic agents everyday, without exposure and subsequent
absorption (uptake) however, there is no risk of injury. Thus, exposure assessment is one of …

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable and
informative reference for the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to …

Because of their mouthing behaviors, children have a higher potential for exposure to
available chemicals through the nondietary ingestion route; thus, frequency of hand‐to …

To help address the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, a physically based probabilistic
model has been developed to quantify and analyze dermal and nondietary ingestion …

Abstract The National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS)/Minnesota
Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES) was a population-based study designed to …

Abstract EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) has combined data from 12
US studies related to human activities into one comprehensive data system that can be …

Daily soil/dust ingestion rates typically used in exposure and risk assessments are based on
tracer element studies, which have a number of limitations and do not separate contributions …

Objective. Mouthing behavior in infants and young children< 3 years old is a poorly
quantified yet normal part of early childhood development. Increasingly, safety and risk …

Container-based sanitation (CBS) within a comprehensive service system value chain offers
a low-cost sanitation option with potential for revenue generation but may increase microbial …