Macrophages are abundant in the cochlea; however, their role in hearing loss is not well
understood. Insults to the cochlea, such as noise or insertion of a cochlear implant, cause an …

The inner ear, like all organs, interacts with the systemic immune system via lymphatic
drainage and vascular circulation to protect itself from infections and stress such as acoustic …

Resident cochlear macrophages rapidly migrate into the inner hair cell synaptic region and
directly contact the damaged synaptic connections after noise-induced synaptopathy …

Cells of the immune system are present in the adult cochlea and respond to damage caused
by noise exposure. However, the types of immune cells involved and their locations within …

Pathological conditions in cochlea, such as ototoxicity, acoustic trauma, and age-related
cochlear degeneration, induce cell death in the organ of Corti and degeneration of the spiral …

Acoustic trauma is an important physical factor leading to cochlear damage and hearing
impairments. Inflammation responds to this kind of cochlear damage stress. Macrophages …

Macrophages are the main intrinsic immune cells in the cochlea; they can be activated and
play a complicated role after cochlear injury. Many studies have shown that the number of …

Background Redox imbalance and inflammation have been proposed as the principal
mechanisms of damage in the auditory system, resulting in functional alterations and …

Many glial biologists consider glia the neglected cells of the nervous system. Among all the
glia of the central and peripheral nervous system, satellite glia may be the most often …

There are multiple etiologies and phenotypes of age-related hearing loss or presbyacusis. In
this review we summarize findings from animal and human studies of presbyacusis …