Climate change is considered among the most critical risks that global society faces in this
century. So far, climate policy strategies have been evaluated by means of a variety of …

Given limited scientific agreement on approaches and methodologies, estimates of climate-
change adaptation costs vary widely. Here, we present a meta-analysis of aggregate …

In pursuit of the drastic transformations necessary for effectively responding to climate
change, the Paris Agreement stresses the need to design and implement sustainable …

Developing countries are vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, yet there is
disagreement about what they should do to protect themselves from anticipated damages. In …

Adaptations are changes in behavior and capital motivated by climate change. Economic
theory suggests that adaptations are efficient (desirable) only if their benefit exceeds their …

This article explores the investment implications of moving to low-carbon, climate-resilient
infrastructure. It begins with analysis of gross fixed capital formation and decarbonisation …

This paper explores the fiscal consequences of climate change. The analysis considers
climate change impacts on (i) the cost of existing government services (eg, disaster …

This paper provides a summary and a critical survey of the methodologies and results of the
literature on the economics of adaptation. We divide the literature into two broad areas of …

This book is a joint effort lead by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in
collaboration with the Economic Commission of Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) …

Since the first OECD country published its national adaptation strategy in 2005, there has
been a marked increase in national planning for climate change adaptation. This paper …