Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of
mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system …

Background The inflammatory response is critical to fight insults, such as pathogen invasion
or tissue damage, but if not resolved often becomes detrimental to the host. A growing body …

Current pain therapeutics offer inadequate relief to patients with chronic pain. A growing
literature supports that pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling between immune, glial, and …

Chronic pain is a maladaptive condition affecting 7%− 10% of the population worldwide and
can be accompanied by depression, anxiety, and insomnia. In particular, chronic pain is …

Strenuous exercise induces inflammatory reactions together with high production of free
radicals and subsequent muscle damage. This study was designed to investigate for the first …

The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) is the main neurogenic niche in the adult brain of mice
and rats. The adult SVZ contains neural stem cells (NSCs) that primarily differentiate into …

Microglia have been implicated as a key mediator of chronic inflammation following
traumatic brain injury (TBI). The animal models of TBI vary significantly based on the type of …

Fine regulation of the innate immune response following brain injury or infection is important
to avoid excessive activation of microglia and its detrimental consequences on neural cell …

Introduction Current research indicates that chronic peripheral neuropathic pain includes a
role for glia and the actions of proinflammatory factors. This review briefly discusses the glial …

Background Non-cell autonomous toxicity is one of the potential mechanisms implicated in
the etiopathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the exact role of glial …