Atmospheric aerosol particles serve as condensation nuclei for the formation of both, cloud
droplets and atmospheric ice particles. As a result, they exert a substantial influence on the …

Large volcanic eruptions are an important driving factor of natural climate variability. A
sound assessment of the role of volcanoes in the climate system in comparison to other …

Within the framework of the AeroCom (Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and
Models) initiative, the state-of-the-art modelling of aerosol optical properties is assessed …

Inventories for global aerosol and aerosol precursor emissions have been collected (based
on published inventories and published simulations), assessed and prepared for the year …

Geothermics is an area of geophysics that studies the thermal state and history of the interior
of the Earth. Solar heat penetrates only into the topmost layers of the Earth's crust. Diurnal …

This Chapter describes the most important thermal parameters such as conductivity,
capacity, duffusivity and interrelation of these parameters between themselves. Effect of …

Flow‐by‐flow reanalysis of paleomagnetic directions in two sections of the Mahabaleshwar
escarpment, coupled with analysis of intertrappean alteration levels shows that volcanism …

Volcanoes are very strong sources of sulphur, acids and other gases, as well as particles,
that are of atmospheric relevance. Some gases only behave as passive tracers, others affect …

A correct and reliable forecast of volcanic plume dispersion is vital for aviation safety. This
can only be achieved by representing all responsible physical and chemical processes …

Starting on 3 May 2018, a series of eruptive fissures opened in Kīlauea Volcano's lower East
Rift Zone (LERZ). Over the course of the next 3 months, intense degassing accompanied …