Validation and real-life demonstration of ETCS hybrid level 3 principles using a formal B model

D Hansen, M Leuschel, P Körner, S Krings… - International Journal on …, 2020 - Springer
In this article, we present a concrete realisation of the ETCS hybrid level 3 concept, whose
practical viability was evaluated in a field demonstration in 2017. Hybrid level 3 introduces …

Strategy Synthesis for Autonomous Driving in a Moving Block Railway System with Uppaal Stratego

D Basile, MH ter Beek, A Legay - International Conference on Formal …, 2020 - Springer
Moving block railway systems are the next generation signalling systems currently under
development as part of the Shift2Rail European initiative, including autonomous driving …

Formalising the hybrid ERTMS level 3 specification in iUML-B and Event-B

D Dghaym, M Dalvandi, M Poppleton… - International Journal on …, 2020 - Springer
We demonstrate refinement-based formal development of the hybrid,'fixed virtual
block'approach to train movement control for the emerging European Rail Traffic …

Validating the hybrid ERTMS/ETCS level 3 concept with Electrum

A Cunha, N Macedo - International Journal on Software Tools for …, 2020 - Springer
This paper reports on the development of a formal model for the Hybrid ERTMS/ETCS Level
3 concept in Electrum, a lightweight formal specification language that extends Alloy with …

Property-based modelling and validation of a CBTC zone controller in Event-B

M Comptier, M Leuschel, LF Mejia, JM Perez… - … on Reliability, Safety …, 2019 - Springer
This paper describes a formal analysis method applied at the software design level. The
objective is to prove that a software specification and its implementation satisfy the expected …

ERTMS/ETCS Level 3: Development, assumptions, and what it means for the future

D Knutsen, NOE Olsson, J Fu - Journal of Intelligent and …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The purpose of this paper is to categorize the research on Level 3 and Hybrid Level 3; map
how the research focus on ERTMS Level 3 has developed over time; summarize key …

Domain-specific scenarios for refinement-based methods

C Snook, TS Hoang, D Dghaym, AS Fathabadi… - Journal of Systems …, 2021 - Elsevier
Formal methods use abstraction and rigorously verified refinement to manage the design of
complex systems, ensuring that they satisfy important invariant properties. However, formal …

Validating the hybrid ERTMS/ETCS level 3 concept with electrum

A Cunha, N Macedo - Abstract State Machines, Alloy, B, TLA, VDM, and Z …, 2018 - Springer
This paper reports on the development of a formal model for the Hybrid ERTMS/ETCS Level
3 concept in Electrum, a lightweight formal specification language that extends Alloy with …

Meeduse: a tool to build and run proved DSLs

A Idani - … Formal Methods: 16th International Conference, IFM …, 2020 - Springer
Abstract Executable Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) are a promising paradigm in
software systems development because they are aiming at performing early analysis of a …

A formal refinement-based analysis of the hybrid ERTMS/ETCS level 3 standard

A Mammar, M Frappier, SJ Tueno Fotso… - International Journal on …, 2020 - Springer
This paper presents a formal model of the case study proposed for the ABZ2018 conference,
which concerns the Hybrid ERTMS/ETCS Level 3 Standard. This standard allows trains to …