Growing evidence suggests an increasing significance for the extent of gastrointestinal tract
(GIT) dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD). Most patients suffer from GIT symptoms …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is the largest division of the peripheral nervous system
and closely resembles components and functions of the central nervous system. Although …

The digestive system is innervated through its connections with the central nervous system
(CNS) and by the enteric nervous system (ENS) within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is comprised of a network of neurons and glial cells that
are responsible for coordinating many aspects of gastrointestinal (GI) function. These cells …

The definition of the nerve cell types of the myenteric plexus of the mouse small intestine has
become important, as more researchers turn to the use of mice with genetic mutations to …

Neuronal diversity in the adult enteric nervous system (ENS)• Developmental appearance
and birthdating of enteric neuron subtypes and glial cells‐Developmental appearance of …

Orexins (hypocretins) are a novel pair of neuropeptides implicated in the regulation of
energy balances and arousal. Previous reports have indicated that orexins are produced …

Major advances in our understanding of the functional heterogeneity of enteric neurons are
driven by the application of newly developed, innovative methods. In contrast to this …

Glial cells in the gut represent the morphological and functional equivalent of astrocytes and
microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, the role of enteric glial cells …

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), such as functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) are characterized by chronic abdominal symptoms in the absence of …