Purpose To determine the symptoms associated with accommodative and non-strabismic
binocular dysfunctions and to assess the methods used to obtain the subjects' symptoms …

Background Convergence insufficiency is a common eye muscle co‐ordination problem in
which the eyes have a strong tendency to drift outward (exophoria) when reading or doing …

This basic text covers the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of the most prevalent vision
disorders in a clinical optometrist's or ophthalmologist's practice. Coverage includes the …

Purpose: Smartphone use is now ubiquitous and is associated with a range of ocular and
visual symptoms. However, little is known about the etiology of the symptoms which …

Recent advancements in electronic packaging and image processing techniques have
opened the possibility for optics-based portable eye tracking approaches, but technical and …

The purpose of the present study was to assess the occurrence of visual dysfunctions and
associated symptoms in active duty warfighters during the subacute stage of blast-induced …

Background This paper investigates viewing distances and eyestrain symptoms in young
adults reading from a smartphone for 60 minutes. Methods A survey related to common …

Now in a fully up-to-date 6th Edition, Pickwell's Binocular Vision Anomalies provides a
practical introduction to binocular vision, offering comprehensive theory, how-to clinical …

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to compare vision therapy/orthoptics, pencil pushups,
and placebo vision therapy/orthoptics as treatments for symptomatic convergence …

Purpose. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate whether investigator bias
influenced the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) scores of children with …