Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor with low survival,
primarily due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and high infiltration. Upconversion …

Optical probe-based biosensors (OPBs) have proven instrumental in human health
monitoring. The growing portability and miniaturization of OPBs have rendered them cost …

The view of the cell nucleus as a crowded system of colloid particles and that chromosomes
are giant self-avoiding polymers is stimulating rapid advances in our understanding of its …

We report direct observation of a spatial distribution of water molecules inside of a living cell
using Raman images of the O–H stretching band of water. The O–H Raman intensity of the …

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based sensors are a valuable tool to quantify
cell biology, yet it remains necessary to identify and prevent potential artifacts in order to …

The components of the intracellular environment vary widely in size: from large multiprotein
complexes to atomic ions. Besides water, low-molecular-weight solutes (< 1 kDa) such as …

Molecular crowding creates a unique environment in cells and imposes physical constraints
such as the excluded volume effect, water activity, and dielectric constant that can affect the …

In eukaryotes, intracellular physico-chemical properties like macromolecular crowding and
cytoplasmic viscoelasticity influence key processes such as metabolic activities, molecular …

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between fluorescent proteins has become a
common platform for designing genetically encoded biosensors. For live cell imaging, the …

Living cells are complex, crowded, and dynamic and continually respond to environmental
and intracellular stimuli. They also have heterogeneous ionic strength with …