Reference intervals (RIs) and clinical decision limits (CDLs) are frequently established to
facilitate interpretation of values of endocrine biomarkers in the diagnosis of disease …

Background Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a prevalent, age‐related chronic
disorder in equids. Diagnosis of PPID can be challenging because of its broad spectrum of …

Background Diagnosis of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is problematic
because of large variations in ACTH concentrations. Hypothesis/Objectives Compare the …

Background Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a commonly described
endocrine disorder in higher latitudes of the Northern hemisphere but the description of the …

Plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration is commonly measured to
diagnose pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors …

Background Endocrinopathic laminitis is common in horses and ponies, but the recurrence
rate of the disease is poorly defined. Objectives To determine the incidence of, and risk …

Background Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is commonly investigated using
plasma ACTH concentrations but problems exist with currently available diagnostic …

Background Equine endocrinopathic laminitis is common and can be associated with an
underlying endocrinopathy, such as equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), pituitary pars …

Background Supraphysiological insulin and incretin responses to a cereal‐based diet have
been described in horses and ponies with insulin dysregulation (ID). However, the hormonal …

Measurement of basal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration is the most
commonly used diagnostic test for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Although …