Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have undergone a revolution, catalyzed by better
supervised learning algorithms. However, in stark contrast to young animals (including …

Evolution sculpts the olfactory nervous system in response to the unique sensory challenges
facing each species. In vertebrates, dramatic and diverse adaptations to the chemical …

Alterations in predation pressure can have large effects on trophically-structured systems.
Modification of predator behaviour via ocean warming has been assessed by laboratory …

Considerable diversity has been documented in most sensory systems of elasmobranchs
(sharks, rays, and skates); however, relatively little is known about morphological variation in …

Despite over 70 years of research on shark repellents, few practical and reliable solutions to
prevent shark attacks on humans or reduce shark bycatch and depredation in commercial …

Cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes), including sharks, skates, rays, elephant fishes and
chimaeras, have been in existence for over 400 million years and represent early stages of …

The relative size of olfactory bulbs (OBs) is correlated with olfactory capabilities across
vertebrates and is widely used to assess the relative importance of olfaction to a species' …

Since antiquity, the sense of smell (olfaction) is considered as a distance sense, just like
sight and hearing. Conversely, the sense of taste (gustation) is thought to operate by direct …

The water-to-land transition in vertebrate evolution offers an unusual opportunity to consider
computational affordances of a new ecology for the brain. All sensory modalities are …

Olfaction is arguably the least valued among our sensory systems, and its significance for
human behavior is often neglected. Spatial navigation represents no exception to the rule …