Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. This
heterogeneous disease can be classified into four molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B …

Although chemotherapy, targeted therapy and endocrine therapy decrease rate of disease
recurrence in most breast cancer patients, many patients exhibit acquired resistance …

The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in
regulation of cell survival, metabolism, growth and protein synthesis in response to upstream …

Over the past 2 decades, there has been an extraordinary progress in the regimens
developed for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive …

Anti-HER2 treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer has changed the natural biology of
this disease. This Series article reviews the main achievements so far in the treatment of …

The introduction of anti-HER2 therapies to the treatment of patients with HER2-positive
breast cancer has led to dramatic improvements in survival in both early and advanced …

Bone metastases are a frequent and severe complication of advanced-stage cancers. Breast
and prostate cancers, the most common malignancies in women and men, respectively …

The last 25 years have seen significant growth in new therapeutic options for breast cancer,
termed targeted therapies based on their ability to block specific pathways known to drive …

Purpose Trastuzumab and pertuzumab are human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
(HER2)–targeted monoclonal antibodies, and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an …

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women. It is classified into a few
major molecular subtypes according to hormone and growth factor receptor expression …