Advanced engineering applications necessitate developing a new class of surface coatings
that protect the surface components in these applications while also meeting the conflicting …

Functionally gradient materials (FGM) have gradual variations in their properties along one
or more dimensions due to local compositional or structural distinctions by design …

Functional gradients are material transitions that are found in nature and are known to result
in materials with superior properties and multiple functionalities. The emerging multi …

Stimuli‐responsive micro‐pillared structures can perform complex and precise tasks at the
microscale through dynamic and reversible deformation of the pillars in response to external …

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a transformative manufacturing approach capable of building
parts with freeform and complex geometries. Polymers come with a wide range of material …

Stimuli‐responsive micro/nanostructures that can dynamically and reversibly adapt their
configurations according to external stimuli have stimulated a wide scope of engineering …

For biologically inspired dry adhesives, the fibrillar structure of the surface requires sufficient
flexibility to form contacts and meanwhile high rigidity to maintain stability. This fundamental …

Tendon‐to‐bone repair often fails because the functionally graded attachment is not
regenerated during the healing process. Biomimetic scaffolds that recapitulate the unique …

Stimuli-responsive micro/nanostructures that exhibit not only programmable but also
reprogrammable actuation behaviors are highly desirable for various advanced engineering …

Stimuli-responsive surfaces with reversible surface topography and controllable physical
and mechanical properties are highly desirable for various engineering applications: eg …