A sample of 33 experiments was extracted from the Web-of-Science database over a 5-year
period (2016–2020) that used physiological measures to measure intrinsic cognitive load …

As driving functions become increasingly automated, motorists run the risk of becoming
cognitively removed from the driving process. Psychophysiological measures may provide …

Heart rate data are often collected in human factors studies, including those into vehicle
automation. Advances in open hardware platforms and off-the-shelf photoplethysmogram …

Objective: The objective was to establish a systematic framework for measuring and
understanding cognitive distraction in the automobile. Background: Driver distraction from …

Mental workload is an important factor during driving, as both high and low levels may result
in driver error. This research examined the mental workload of drivers caused by changes in …

In SAE Level 3 automated driving, taking over control from automation raises significant
safety concerns because drivers out of the vehicle control loop have difficulty negotiating …

In conditionally automated driving, drivers have difficulty taking over control when requested.
To address this challenge, we aimed to predict drivers' takeover performance before the …

Cognitive load has been shown, over hundreds of validated studies, to be an important
variable for understanding human performance. However, establishing practical, non …

Understanding the driver's cognitive load is important for evaluating in-vehicle user
interfaces. This paper describes experiments to assess machine learning classification …

In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept approach to estimating mental workload by
measuring the user's pupil diameter under various controlled lighting conditions. Knowing …