Given the importance of word knowledge for second language acquisition, there is always a
need for effective word-learning approaches from language learners. With the rapid …

Experimental studies have developed, conducted, and evaluated classroom interventions
for foreign language anxiety (FLA) reduction. However, various characteristics of those …

Accepted: 18 May 2023 The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education is becoming
increasingly prevalent, and its encroachment and impact on online education and …

Abstract Information literacy (IL) is important for university students. In this research, we
developed a digital role-playing game to enhance students' learning of IL and investigated …

Game-based vocabulary learning that is well documented to improve students' vocabulary
learning outcomes is gaining increasing attention. However, no consensus has been …

The educational value of digital game-based language learning has aroused attention in the
English language teaching field. Among all language-specific skills, grammar is seldom …

Abstract Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) is considered a central affective factor influencing
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. This study thus developed an online …

Background As the concept of flipped classrooms continues to gain interest across
disciplines, more research is needed to strengthen the instructional design by integrating …

Competition is often incorporated into game-based learning. Accordingly, we developed an
academic English competition cloze test (AECCG), in which there were two modes, ie, real …

Competition, a common gamification element, has been widely utilized in educational
gamification systems. However, the effects of competition on learning vary widely, and little …