Fish are the most diversified group of vertebrates and, although progress has been made in
the past years, only relatively few fish species have been examined to date, with regards to …

Mammalian studies have shaped our understanding of the endocrine control of appetite and
body weight in vertebrates and provided the basic vertebrate model that involves central …

The growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is the key promoter of
growth in vertebrates; however, how this system modulates muscle mass in fish is just …

Growth is a polygenic and environmentally controlled trait with the most influential genes
being those of growth hormone (GH) and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), as they consist …

Although growth hormone (GH) is a multifunctional factor that coordinates various aspects of
feeding, reproduction, osmoregulation, and immune system function, perhaps two of its most …

Endocrine factors regulate food intake and growth, two interlinked physiological processes
critical for the proper development of organisms. Somatic growth is mainly regulated by …

Compensatory growth (CG) is a period of accelerated growth that occurs following the
alleviation of growth-stunting conditions during which an organism can make up for lost …

Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone/cytokine that links nutritional status with
neuroendocrine and immune functions. Initially described as an anti-obesity hormone, leptin …

Feed restriction in fish and crustaceans is gaining interest due to its unusual acceleration of
growth after a feed deprivation period. This phenomenon, known as compensatory growth …

Leptin, the product of the obese (ob or Lep) gene, was first cloned in teleost fish in 2005,
more than a decade after its identification in mammals. This was because bony fish and …