DNA nanostructures have been demonstrated as promising carriers for gene delivery. In the
carrier design, spatiotemporally programmable assembly of DNA under nanoconfinement is …

Liquid–liquid phase transitions in complex mixtures of proteins and other molecules produce
crowded compartments supporting in vitro transcription and translation. We developed a …

The assembly of artificial cells capable of executing synthetic DNA programs has been an
important goal for basic research and biotechnology. We assembled two-dimensional DNA …

This article describes the state and the development of an artificial cell project. We discuss
the experimental constraints to synthesize the most elementary cell-sized compartment that …

Artificial cells that mimic the architectural and functional characteristics of living cells not only
shed light on the physical principle of life but also facilitate development in the areas such as …

Recent experimental and theoretical approaches have attempted to quantify the physical
organization (compaction and geometry) of the bacterial chromosome with its complement of …

Living systems employ front propagation and spatiotemporal patterns encoded in
biochemical reactions for communication, self-organization and computation,,,. Emulating …

Cell-free gene expression in localized DNA brushes on a biochip has been shown to
depend on gene density and orientation, suggesting that brushes form compartments with …

The assembly of protein machines in cells is precise, rapid, and coupled to protein synthesis
with regulation in space and time. The assembly of natural and synthetic nanomachines …

Developing artificial microsystems based on liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) to mimic
cellular dynamic compartmentalization has gained increasing attention. However, limitations …